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It is an proxy frequently known as proxy server. It is a software that sits as a middleman between the user and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy, a user will send a request for resource directly to the server and it would deliver direct to users. It's not hard to comprehend and implement. use of proxy servers can offer benefits such as greater performance, privacy, security, and many more. In addition to providing a layer of pass-through, proxies act as a gatekeeper on the internet between servers and clients.




In general, the entire set of server hardware as well as the software to install proxy servers is commonly referred to in the context of proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies that are typically thought of as software, and in relation to web servers. The article will offer an explanation of the two main types of proxies, which include forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the similar naming convention.




This article will provide you with an overview of nature of proxies and subtypes, and how they work in normal configurations. Through the article you'll learn how to identify the circumstances in which using proxies can be beneficial, and select the right option, based on reverse and forward proxy, in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In the same way forward proxy also called an open proxy acts as the representative of a client who would like to make requests over the internet to an original server. In this case any attempts to send requests made by the client will instead be forwarded via the forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy that is in the place that of the user will examine the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is authorised to receive requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then either deny any request or forward it to the original server. The client doesn't have a an internet connection directly but it is able to connect to what forward proxy allows the client to access.




The most common reason to use forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security online. Forward proxy makes use of the internet in place of a client and in that process it can use an alternate IP address to the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it's set up depending on how it's configured, forward proxy may offer various features as well as the capability to:




Do not be a victim of ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic location.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that offer central security and access based on permissions such as in a workplace. If all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer an administrator could grant access to only certain users to the internet through an ordinary firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place for the client layer, which may contain various devices with different settings, users, and settings, a firewall may be set up at the forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers have to be manually set up to use in order to be used, while reverse proxy servers are able to be disregarded by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address from the client is transferred to the server that originated it through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted or made transparent.




There are a myriad of options to explore for forward proxy options:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source webserver that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver with forward proxy functionality.


Squid: A no-cost forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't include the full web server. Check out our article on the most efficient method of creating Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You might also want to look into how to setup the Dante proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts to act as an agent of web servers, taking care of the incoming requests of customers on its behalf. Web servers can consist of a single server or a number of servers. Additionally, it can serve as an application server such as Gunicorn. In either scenario a request could originate from a user on the web in general. Normally, this request will be directly to the website server with the resources the client is in need of. In contrast, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary to isolate your web server from interactions with the open internet.




From a customer's point of view, the experience when using reverse proxy is the same as interacting with your webserver directly. It's basically identical, and the user is unable to discern the difference. Client requests resources and then receives it, with no additional configuration needed from the user.




Reverse proxy providers offer features such as:




Centralized security for web servers.


Directing traffic according to rules you can set up.


New feature added to caching.




While central security is a benefit for both reverse and forward proxy, the reverse one providers this service only to the server layer, and not to the layer that clients use. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at servers on the internet, that could include multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be centered on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally eliminating the burden of interfacing with firewalls as well as dealing with requests from clients far from web servers allows them to focus solely on addressing the needs of their customers.




In the event of multiple servers behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also responsible to control which requests are placed on which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, but serving different types of resources or a combination of both. They can use the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, however they could also be equipped with application server protocols such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy is used to connect clients to specific servers based on the kind of resource they are seeking, or to comply with specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also take advantage of their position in front of web servers, by providing the possibility of storing data. Large static files can be configured with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers with each request. Some applications allow users to deliver static content directly without touching the web server at all. Additionally, reverse proxy can manage the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is a powerful reverse proxy option. It is factual that Apache web server is also equipped with reverse-proxy capabilities however it's an additional function of Apache but Nginx was initially designed to and is focused specifically on the reverse proxy feature.



The distinction between Forward and Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" along with "reverse" are associated with directionality and misleading comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. The labels can be confusing since both kinds of proxies can handle requests and also respond. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse or forward proxies is to look at the specifications of the application that you're developing.




Reverse proxy is an essential aspect to consider when developing a solution that can provide web-based applications via the internet. They function as servers whenever you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when placed in front of users for personal usage, or in a corporate environment. They are your customers when you use the internet.




The use case-based differentiation rather than focusing exclusively on similar naming conventions can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article described what a proxy is as well as the two types of them, namely the forward and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios as well as an analysis of features that are useful were used to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the possibilities of proxies, then you should read our guide on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server to Apache in Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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